Ecosystem services are critical to the Earth’s life-support system and human civilization. Erosion control service, as one of the most important services provided by ecosystems, guarantees the ecological security and sustainable development of a region. On the platform of ArcGIS, we quantified the erosion control service of ecosystems in China using the USLE(Universal Soil Loss Equation), so as to reveal its spatial characteristic. Our results show that, the potential and actual amounts of soil erosion across China are 280.31 and 25.57 billion ton per year, respectively. The annual reduction in soil erosion owing to ecosystems is approximately 254.74 billion ton, larger in South and mountainous areas than in North and plains. The results are detailed as follows:(1) The hotspot of erosion control service(the richest 10% of grid cells for erosion control service) locate mainly in hilly regions surrounding Sichuan Basin, Wuyi Mountains, Nanling Mountains and mountainous areas in central Hainan and eastern Taiwan. (2) In terms of provincial administrative divisions, the hotspot primarily distribute in provinces such as Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Fujian and Guangdong, which occupy 60% of the total hotspot area. (3) With regard to different ecosystem types, forests and shrubs account for the majority of hotspots, with a proportion of 44.94% and 28.35%, respectively.