Soil respiration in forest is likely to be affected by tree species composition due to differences in phenology and quality of leaves and roots. The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of species composition on temporal and spatial variation in soil respiration. Soil respiration and CO₂ efflux from above-ground litter were measured periodically in 2011 on adjacent two types of deciduous and two types of evergreen stands. Though variations in the quantity of CO₂ sources; litter or fine roots, are expected to be different especially between deciduous and evergreen stands, the mean soil respiration rates showed a similar level and similar seasonal changes, suggesting the little effect of phenology compared to the strong controls by climatic factors. Soil respiration in evergreen stands showed higher temperature sensitivities than in deciduous stands, and showed positive effects of water while the effects could not be observed in deciduous stands. In both of deciduous and evergreen stands, CO₂ efflux from litter was positively related to water content of litter. The apparent difference in effects of water on soil respiration might be caused by the difference in water holding ability of litter. These results offer the importance of considering tree species to make more precise predictions of annual soil respiration rates.