Social insects build sophisticated and complex architectures based on self-organizing rules, where colony-level patterns emerge from local interactions without any central control or coordination. The structures of these architectures vary widely in size and shape within a species. Some studies have revealed that the current environmental and/or social factors cause differences in the architectures. However, little is known about the colony variation of the structure under the same exogenous condition. Here, we show that termite colonies build colony-specific architecture using shelter-tube construction as a model system. When we divided a colony into multiple groups of individuals, groups drawn from the same colony performed similar patterns of construction, whereas groups from different colonies exhibited different patterns. Our lattice model demonstrated that the observed variations of shelter-tube patterns can emerge from the difference of the workers’ property among colonies even under the identical condition. This variation can be interpreted as the result of the adjustment of each colony to the original situation in the field. We will discuss the fitness consequence of the different structural patterns of constructions.