Peatland in Southeast Asia has an important role in human life. Recurrent fires in the peatland in Southeast Asia, has changed peatland from carbon sink to source and causing seriuous environmental and economic problems. To know the factors affecting fire in peatland, we compared the fire occurence in 2014 between different land cover types, land management systems, and land holder in Riau Province, Indonesia. Remote sensing data and field data were collected and analyzed through GIS. Shrubland was the most fire-prone land cover type while rubber and mangrove were the land covers with least fire. Shrubland showed high fire occurrence regardless of land management and concession types. Forests that are allowed to utilize was fire-prone than conserved forests. Oil palm plantation by illegal company had more fires than those by legal company or smallholders. Coconut and sago plantation by company had more fires than those under smallholder. The high percentage of burned area in shrubland shows that land cover is a major factor that determines fire in peatland. Current findings show the importance of law enforcement and land management systems, management schemes by different landholders, and spatial planning for the integrated peatland management and restoration of shrubland.